A Survey on the Principles and Techniques of Gynecology and Obstetrics Surgery in the Islamic Period (From the 3rd to the 12th Century AH. / 9th to 18th Century AD.)

Surgical science is one of the important aspects of traditional medicine in the Islamic period. By reviewing the compilations in the field of gynecology and obstetrics some common and well-documented principles can be traced that have been accepted by the majority of surgeons as the fixed rules. The extraction of these principles is the first issue and the examination of gynecological surgery techniques, is also the second issue of this study. The method of this study is descriptive-comparative with analysis of information. The results of this research confirm the hypothesis that surgeons have had a clear and distinct recognition of different types of women’s diseases during Islamic period. The primary principle was differential diagnosis. Surgical techniques included: cutting and splitting which used to treat genital diseases such as hemorrhoids, renal diseases such as bladder-stone, and delivery, such as bringing out the dead embryos and pairs. A variety of specialized tools, including intrauterine device, hooks and scalpels, were also used in these surgeries.